In a recent article, Smart Villages and transition: climate change action as a driver for community-led innovation, Eamon O’Hara, Executive Director of ECOLISE, (the European network for community-led initiatives on climate change and sustainability) notes that the most recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2018), calls for rapid and far-reaching transitions or transformation on a massive scale, affecting all aspects of our economy and society. O’Hara writes that: